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I wouldn't want to offend anyone, but the discussion about the dominance of English in scientific literature seems to ignore the fact that the subject of English as the new world language has been discussed at very great length indeed in other disciplines, including those of literature, political science, sociology, anthropology, history, and of course technology. In the last area, particularly, the dominance of English has been so rapid and so complete, and for such obvious reasons, that one wonders why the question is being raised again on this list. It's not because English is convenient, although I agree with Rich Lane that this is so. For one thing it's the only European language with a double vocabulary with Romance and Germanic based synonyms. Secondly, thanks to the Norman occupation, it was "degraded" until it became very simple. In this regard it's like Afrikaans and Swahili, other "peasant" languages that sound like baby talk to their more formal ancestors, but whose simplicity makes them very flexible and inventive. Finally, with some ridiculous exceptions (tough and through and plough) the spelling is reasonably phonetic. No, it's simply because everyone speaks it. For one reason or another it's the common tongue that unites important linguistically diverse areas (India, anglophone Africa, Philippines). It has become the second language all around the world, in some cases replacing other western European languages, or other languages of conquest (Russian, Arabic). Today, virtually the only places where English is almost unknown to educated people are the francophone ex-colonies. Whether this is fair or not, whether French or Mandarin would have won in an unbiased contest, and whether this puts non-English speakers at a disadvantage, is beside the point. To put it in a nutshell, English is not being imposed by some imperial power -- it is being chosen, out of the necessity to communicate. Resentful complaints are silly, rather like complaining that rain is wet. The modern world must have a common language, and entirely by accident English got the head start. Now it is unstoppable, even if America becomes hated, or even if China should resume its historical role of world's greatest power, as seems more than likely. John Van Couvering
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