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>A PHD in Medicine is not necessarily equal to a PHD in Geology, >Physics, etc. (except for the internship hours). > >The majority of the public does not understand this. To them a PHD >is a PHD, and they are all equal, and some more so in truth. Does anyone know how many physicians actually have a Ph.D.? Most that I encounter have an M.D. That educational regime doesn't include writing a dissertation and may not even include production of any refereed MSS. >We have to distinguish between technicians, engineers and >scientists. A degree does not suffice. Not to beat a dead horse (pun intended), but what I think we need to do is distinguish between scientific subfields that include a necessary understanding of history (and the attendant power of contingency) and those that don't. There is history and then there is the special case of 'deep time' (who coined that expression, by the way?), which is pretty much the exclusive province of geologists and some physicists. ('Deep ecology' being a totally different sort of thing, unfortunately.) Bill -- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ William P. Chaisson Adjunct Assistant Professor Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Rochester Rochester, NY 14627 607-387-3892
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