RE: paleonet Replicas as Type Specimens

["JK Nielsen" <taphofacies@xxxxxxxxxxx>]

Dear Andy and Franz-Josef,

That was a relief!

The replicas have to be stored eternally. Do you know any papers examining 
the durability of casting materials?

Cheers,
Jan.


>Dear Jan,
>
>Strictly speaking, the type is destroyed in the process of studying it, but
>this is allowed in cases where it is necessary.
>
>All the best,
>Andy
>
>Andrew K. Rindsberg
>Geological Survey of Alabama
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: paleonet-owner@nhm.ac.uk [mailto:paleonet-owner@nhm.ac.uk] On Behalf
>Of JK Nielsen
>Sent: Monday, July 05, 2004 4:36 PM
>To: paleonet@nhm.ac.uk
>Subject: Re: paleonet Replicas as Type Specimens
>
>
>Dear Hulbert,
>
>Thanks for information on ICZN article 72.5.3. However, artificial casts 
>and
>
>moulds may be indispensable in taxonomical studies and have to be used as
>types. For example, the entire morphology of microborings are commonly too
>difficult to describe and illustrate without making casts. Situated within
>opaque substrates, the casts have to be etched out. As such, the natural
>substrates and original microborings are gone. Is there a solution on such
>cases?
>
>Best PaleoGreetings,
>Jan Nielsen
>
>
>
>___________________________________________________
>Ph.D. Jan Kresten Nielsen, associate researcher,
>Geological Museum, University of Copenhagen,
>Oester Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K,
>Denmark
>
>
> >From: Richard Hulbert <rhulbert@flmnh.ufl.edu>
> >Reply-To: paleonet@nhm.ac.uk
> >To: paleonet@nhm.ac.uk
> >Subject: Re: paleonet Replicas as Type Specimens
> >Date: Mon, 05 Jul 2004 11:36:56 -0400
> >
> >ICZN article 72.5.3 on eligibility as name-bearing types states that
> >only
> >natural impressions, moulds, or casts can be used as types.  From this 
>and
> >other parts of article 72.5 it is evident that man-made replicas can not 
>be
>
> >valid type specimens.  Thus, for example, if there is a specimen in a
> >private collection and a cast of it in a museum collection, the cast can
> >not be designated the holotype of a new species.
> >
> >Regarding Mike's reply, the code is clear that illustrations of
> >specimens
> >themselves can not be type specimens (72.5.6, 73.1.4, & 74.4); the
> >specimens shown in the illustrations are the types.
> >
> >With regards to the situation when a holotype has been lost or
> >destroyed
> >(e.g., WWII bombing of museums), casts or illustrations or photos of the
> >holotype that exist can in practical terms substitute for the holotype 
>and
> >eliminate need for designation of a neotype, but they do not become
> >"official" type specimens.
> >
> >Richard Hulbert
> >
> >
> >At 07:39 AM 7/5/2004, you wrote:
> >>Greetings,
> >>
> >>Are there documented examples of fossil replicas (latex, plaster,
> >>etc.)
> >>being used as reposited types?
> >>
> >>Cheers,
> >>
> >>Doug Boyce
> >>--
> >>*Mr. Doug Boyce, M.Sc., P.Geo., Provincial Paleontologist, Geological
> >>Survey of Newfoundland and Labrador P.O. Box 8700, St. John's, NL,
> >>Canada A1B 4J6
> >>Phone: (709) 729-2163   Fax: (709) 729-4270
> >>http://www.gov.nf.ca/mines&en/geosurvey/aboutus/sections/regional/boyc
> >>e.stm
> >>http://www.geosurv.gov.nf.ca/education/fossils/index.html
> >>http://www.canadianrockhound.com/summer97/cr9701301_nfld.html
> >>http://www.spnhc.org/documents/fossilprotection.htm
> >>___________________________________________________________
> >
> >Vertebrate Paleontology Collections Manager
> >Florida Museum of Natural History
> >Dickinson Hall, University of Florida
> >P.O. Box 117800
> >Gainesville FL  32611-7800  USA
> >phone:  (352) 392-1721 ext 259 or 392-1721 ext. 252
>
>_________________________________________________________________
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